here is a basic treatment of the topic of semiconductor fabrication: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiconductor_device_fabrication https://en.wikipedia.org/wi

here is a basic treatment of the topic of semiconductor fabrication: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiconductor_device_fabrication https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiconductor_device_fabricati... this extends to CMOS VLSI fabrication. silicon wafers are required as general fodder, as copper clad pc board is to discrete analog production. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wafer_(electronics)#Production https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wafer_(electronics)#Production the wafers require pulled ingots of silicon, these must be extremly pure and of extremely regular crystal latticing https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boule_(crystal) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boule_(crystal)