There is no preservation of mother tongues. Languages are assigned along ethnic lines in the name of nation building. yellow → standard Chinese native → Malay

There is no preservation of mother tongues. Languages are assigned along ethnic lines in the name of nation building. yellow → standard Chinese native → Malay brown → Tamil If the father is a Fujian Hakka, the children will learn standard Chinese in addition to English. If the father is from New Delhi, the children will learn Tamil in addition to English. If the father is from Lisbon, the children will learn English only.