> For every expensive city that is (relatively) developer friendly [...] there is a ring of NIMBY inner suburbans [that] viciously oppose even a single apartmen

> For every expensive city that is (relatively) developer friendly [...] there is a ring of NIMBY inner suburbans [that] viciously oppose even a single apartment building. It obviously isn't ideal, but how problematic is it to have a ring or belt that constrains the dense core from sprawling? Other cities have them, for a variety of motivations (eg. cities in Oregon such as Portland all have an urban growth boundary to protect surrounding farms and forests). As long as there is somewhere nearby that can increase density it should work out.