The waste I've become most sensitized to is excessive ceremony - things that you have to keep doing but don't actually contribute much to real velocity. Bad CI/

The waste I've become most sensitized to is excessive ceremony - things that you have to keep doing but don't actually contribute much to real velocity. Bad CI/CD and review processes are good examples. Even though I'm generally a huge proponent of testing and even formal methods, I've seen so much time wasted on types of testing that consume lots of developer time (not to mention machine time) but have provably never surfaced any real bugs and couldn't reasonably be expected to.