> There is a productive apparatus and resources that feed it - what we are gesturing towards when we talk about “the economy”. They can be mobilized using flows

> There is a productive apparatus and resources that feed it - what we are gesturing towards when we talk about “the economy”. They can be mobilized using flows of spending generated by public or private credit, to move in one direction or another. > It wasn’t pouring money into the sand. Most of the dollars flowed back to America. Fiat based money (in which currency -- circulating money, is actually debt) works fine when this money is used to build (and maintain?) infrasctucture, markets, industries, which can then "pay back" this debt; which can sustain a society. The truly sad part, most would agree, is that they'd use this for destructive purposes. First use fiat-credit to fund a war to break a foreign country and then loan out more credit to pay for rebuilding it. The end result is a transfer of (at least) ownership back to America.