In addition to overall fructose levels, its suggested that the ratio between glucose and fructose levels may be important for determining the changes to the nut

In addition to overall fructose levels, its suggested that the ratio between glucose and fructose levels may be important for determining the changes to the nutrient absorption pattern. Figure 1 of the linked article illustrates a model by the study authors concerning the effects of glucose vs fructose on gut morphology and nutrient absorption pattern. As described in the caption, fructose up-regulates (ie stimulates) a biochemical pathway that leads to changes in the gut which cause increased nutrient absorption and lipid (ie fat) synthesis, but glucose down-regulates that same pathway. Put simply, fructose and glucose compete antagonistically to either promote higher nutrient absorption or lower it, respectively. One pushes the lever, the other pulls it, and the ratio will determine who wins. The linked summary article does not, however, state what the relationship between ratio and degree of effect is.