You need a force to balance the change in orbital velocity due to expansion or contraction of an expansion joint of a fully connected shell; otherwise, the shel

You need a force to balance the change in orbital velocity due to expansion or contraction of an expansion joint of a fully connected shell; otherwise, the shell will begin to wobble. The forces would be enormous and tear the shell apart from multiple places. One solution is for the expansion joints to have infinite range— a disconnected swarm of platforms which is exactly what a Dyson swarm is.