Toyota doesn't have to physically hold the chips/modules to accomplish they. They have contracts with suppliers that lock in how much inventory the supplier ha

Toyota doesn't have to physically hold the chips/modules to accomplish they. They have contracts with suppliers that lock in how much inventory the supplier has to have on hand, and how much supply they need locked in from their own upstream suppliers. One criticism of Toyota's production system is that they aren't so much "just in time" as it sounds on the surface, rather they just force their suppliers to run the warehouse instead of them. Which still makes sense - Toyota wants to be in the car business, not the warehouse and logistics businesses.