In France where I was raised and China where I raise my kids, which both have affordable good quality health care, we tend to say it's due to economy of scale.

In France where I was raised and China where I raise my kids, which both have affordable good quality health care, we tend to say it's due to economy of scale. We negociate national prices with indian labs, we manufacture at planned cost locally, we use the school system in synergy with healthcare to do preventive vaccination, dental, eye and ear care, we work hard on conflict of interest between doctors and drug sellers (a doctor always find you sicker if he makes a profit on the medicine he prescribes), we encourage to fix very early that way rather than when it s far too late. In France, competition between providers is hunted even more than communists would, with geographical quotas and strict university numerus closus to ensure price stability and fair enough spread of providers nationally (but still have challenges in the countryside). Both systems are far from perfect and bleed tax money, but... so much more efficient than the weird US system that requires loan from poor people to fix a broken leg (I probably exaggerate).