Right, and installing those systems may be a huge project. I had to look into things from your statement and links. They were of course different when I was re

Right, and installing those systems may be a huge project. I had to look into things from your statement and links. They were of course different when I was replacing an old oil fired boiler in a home I purchased. Pretty much a gas fired boiler was my only option. IIRC heat pumps weren't there yet in colder environments. I went with a 93% efficient unit as opposed to a traditional 85% (at twice the cost) as the savings were supposed to be realized over a few years, paying for itself. Now, I can only hope things aren't as bad as the omen in the article. I'm sure there are many out there hoping same. Given that, the HE boiler may still turn out to be a godsend in this. I do appreciate you pointing it out - I see heat pumps can run hydronic systems now. Interesting, and something to look at.