This phenomenon that you mention in your second paragraph was described in 2013 as a "strategy credit": https://stratechery.com/2013/strategy-credit/ https://s

This phenomenon that you mention in your second paragraph was described in 2013 as a "strategy credit": https://stratechery.com/2013/strategy-credit/ https://stratechery.com/2013/strategy-credit/ Maybe kind of akin to the concept of "moral luck": https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moral_luck https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moral_luck