GPUs can already run on ARM SBCs with PCIe. Here is an off the shelf Radeon 6700XT running on a RISC V dev board… https://www.notebookcheck.net/Computer-scienti

GPUs can already run on ARM SBCs with PCIe. Here is an off the shelf Radeon 6700XT running on a RISC V dev board… https://www.notebookcheck.net/Computer-scientist-showcases-world-s-first-RISC-V-based-Linux-PC-coupled-with-an-AMD-RX-6700-XT-GPU.552002.0.html https://www.notebookcheck.net/Computer-scientist-showcases-w... The VBIOS is only needed for legacy mode to enable things like GPU init for basic text rendering, while it still exists on modern GPUs it’s not commonly used for initialization, on all systems with UEFI the GPU is initialized using GOP (or UGA on EFI) which is ISA independent.