While in theory what you say is mostly true, it's not really true in reality. The EU govt issued bonds that produce negative real interest rates in 2020. The

While in theory what you say is mostly true, it's not really true in reality. The EU govt issued bonds that produce negative real interest rates in 2020. The US Govt let their treasuries hit 0% interest. bond/debt interest rates are usually fixed at the time of purchase. When you buy debt you know exactly what you will get at the end(provided the person/entity in debt doesn't default). You don't know what the inflation rate will be at the end of the bond when you get the principal back. You can make a pretty good guess, but you can't know. It typically doesn't ever change, so if you bought a 4% yielding bond, then inflation hits at 5%, then you WILL lose money on your bond. This is normal in a rising rates/inflationary environment. Bonds are "safe"(for some definition of safe), and you have to pay for safety. US Treasuries pay next to nothing(and generally always have) because they are the reserve asset, everyone in the world considers them safe debt. FDIC insured bank accounts similarly get away with paying basically no interest on the deposited money. Safety costs you. Holding cash means you are generally going to lose to inflation. The only exception really are TIPS, I-Bonds and other inflation protected bonds. But that's only if you how they define inflation is also how you define inflation. Right now Inflation is like 5%, but a lot of that inflation is from things like buying cars, or in the recent past lumber. If you aren't currently buying those things, then those inflationary pieces don't really apply to you. So your personal inflation rate might be 2% or .5%, it just depends on what you are buying. Anyways, bonds are complicated, and debt even more so. At the moment you can get 30yr mortgages(debt) under the current 5% inflation rate.. does that mean owning a house with inflation is a good deal.. MAYBE.