I’m not an expert on the import/export side. When I used the term ‘pricing control’, I was referring to the systems that some countries (eg UK, Germany) have i

I’m not an expert on the import/export side. When I used the term ‘pricing control’, I was referring to the systems that some countries (eg UK, Germany) have in place for determining the price they’ll pay for a drug based on (roughly) the value it brings to patients. (The best known of these is probably NICE in the UK; it’s not a perfect system, but it’s a pretty good attempt.) Other countries in turn ‘reference’ their price from a number of similar countries including those with formal processes. Broadly, this is why drug prices are controlled and lower in Europe vs. the US. In the US, even where there are competing drugs in the same disease, there’s no pressure on prices - manufacturers can just keep on racking up their prices almost without a concern.