> I don't understand why the author leaves many words and phrases untranslated Because they are effectively proper nouns. You cannot translate them, you can at

> I don't understand why the author leaves many words and phrases untranslated Because they are effectively proper nouns. You cannot translate them, you can at most explain them. For example, grande école has its own page on English Wikipedia and which is called grande école, not translated to big school or something else. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grande_%C3%A9cole https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grande_%C3%A9cole