10 ms·

IT Without Software

188 points by hwayne 5y ago

tenebrisalietum 5y ago
It's interesting that humanity can't settle on a single language, but has managed to more or less standardize on the symbols for numbers.
- nicetryguy 5y ago
  Arabic notation / base ten seems to work really well with our brains. Having that many fingers probably helps. I couldn't imagine a modern world running on Roman Numerals.
  - maliker 5y ago
    The real killer application of arabic numerals is arithmetic. Doing even multiplication and division in roman numerals is very time consuming [1]. [1] https://scienceblogs.com/goodmath/2006/08/16/roman-numerals-and-arithmetic https://scienceblogs.com/goodmath/2006/08/16/roman-numerals-...
  - slver 5y ago
    Most of us are programmers here, you are just as used to hex. Also technically we don't have that many fingers. We have one more finger. We don't have a number digit for ten right? They go zero to nine. But out fingers go zero to ten. If our numeric base matched our fingers, we should've used base eleven. Not many people think this through :) I think the real breakthrough is having "order of magnitude" in numbers. So indeed the Roman Numerals suck and probably wouldn't last regardless.
    - the_monocle 5y ago
      0 to 9 are exactly 10 digits.
      - can_count 5y ago
        0 fingers to 10 fingers is exactly 11 numbers.
      - depaya 5y ago
        I think their point is that we use our 10 fingers to count to a value of 10. We can use our 10 fingers to represent 0 (no fingers) through 10 (all 10 fingers). This is essentially base 11 if you try to assign a specific digit to each finger. While I agree with that viewpoint I think it's missing the point. As humans with 10 fingers it's easy for us to group things into increments of 10, so base 10 comes naturally. Think about how you count a quantity over 10: once you run out of fingers you mark down (or remember) that you've already counted one quantity of 10, now you're counting the next quantity of 10, etc... It's more like a shifted base 10 where we represent digits 1-10 instead of 0-9.
        slver 5y ago
        Everyone is thinking about a "shifted" base 10, yes. But every base starts with 0, there's no such thing as "shifted base" because then you literally can't represent 0. Also "zero fingers" is still a thing that exists in this shifted base 10. So it remains base 11. This is like the classic "0-based indexing" vs. "1-based indexing" dilemma. The "first" thing is represented by 1, we think. But the "first" year of our life, we're zero years old. The "first" hour after midnight is 0 o'clock. Building your "first" million as a business is the period before you have 1 million. And so on.
        dylanh 5y ago
        A base 10 with symbols only for 1 through 10, where zero is represented with an empty set is a Bijective Base 10 numeration. The columns in excel are bijective base 26. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bijective_numeration https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bijective_numeration
        deleted 5y ago
        [deleted]
    - nicetryguy 5y ago
      > you are just as used to hex. I do 6502 ASM with bit tricks and all and i can tell you straight up that hex is never as intuitive as decimal IMO. Base eleven sounds like the stuff of nightmares =)
      - tenebrisalietum 5y ago
        Where the hex is "intuitive" is showing what's "even" to the CPU. For example we think of 10, 100, 50 as nice round convenient quantities. CPUs see 16, 256, 2048 as convenient quantities--in hex that's visible: 0x10, 0x100, 0x800.
        nicetryguy 5y ago
        Right. It lets you see the bits more easily: 0-F is a good representation of 4 bits. Say i were to name a random hex value like #$9C right now it would take me a few seconds to convert that to decimal in my head though... 156 took me a few seconds to sort out. I don't have to think about what 156 means in decimal because i just know what it is.
        vangelis 5y ago
        The radix I've used since birth is easier than the one I haven't. Wild stuff.
        nicetryguy 5y ago
        Yes i do simplify my posts and try to write them in ways that normal people can understand. Your snide comment is a sign of success =)
        sipos 5y ago
        Do you though? Why is 156 anymore familiar than 9C? I can't imagine 156 things any more than I can 9C things.
        5y ago
  - laurent92 5y ago
    > Having 10 fingers probably helps. Yes, so we can count to 31 on one hand. Somehow, no civilization invented a base-32 notation.
    - bobsmooth 5y ago
      A few civilizations have used base 60 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexagesimal https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexagesimal
      - bee_rider 5y ago
        The idea of counting to 12 by pointing to knuckles is something I hadn't encountered before, and really neat. Kinda surprised base-12 didn't end up dominating. Having so many factors would have made division so much more convenient for mental math, and it is only 2 extra characters to remember.
    - bee_rider 5y ago
      I don't think the choice of base is really dependent on finger encoding efficiency. Going 0-5 on a hand has the advantage that we only really care about the "last" finger. Anyway, if we really want to go crazy, the knuckle and first joint on (my, at least) fingers can be controlled somewhat independently, so I think we can fit in 4 states per finger: | _ | | __ _ |
    - sipos 5y ago
      You might be able to. Personally I can't raise my ring finger without my little/pinkie finger also being raised. Also, some numbers in finger binary are liable to get you punched if shown the wrong way round.
    - flo123456 5y ago
      Try using that to explain arithmetic to a child. In a base-10 system the explanation is as simple as holding up both hands and then holding up the number of fingers for each hand you want them to add. The kid can count and intuitively learn how to add up two numbers. It’s really simple and really efficient.
  - perl4ever 5y ago
    It occurred to me once that the big/little endian issues people have are really due to the conflict between Arabic numbers going in the opposite direction from English letters. If both ran right to left, or left to right, then there would be no difference.
- emodendroket 5y ago
  It isn't that strange. Learning a language natively is an innate human trait that isn't regulated. The symbols we choose to represent for arithmetic (or to write the language, for that matter) must be learned.
simonw 5y ago
This is a really interesting post, let down by a vague title. The author describes a system they created to help remote health centers in Thailand and Cambodia send disease cases in a structured way via SMS, while working around the difficulties of teaching people to send text messages in those languages (which have a lot of letters, often not made available on handsets). Their solution was a cardboard disc wheel which could generate numeric codes that could be more easily sent. The post is from 2010 - I'd love to read a follow-up on this project.
- simonw 5y ago
  I found mentions of this "magic wheel" on their blog at https://instedd.org/blog/prince-mahidol-of-songla-magic-wheels-and-the-ilab/ https://instedd.org/blog/prince-mahidol-of-songla-magic-whee... and on SlideShare at https://www.slideshare.net/channesuy/instedd-innovation-lab-presentation-in-pmac https://www.slideshare.net/channesuy/instedd-innovation-lab-... but both of those stories were also from 2010.
  - handrous 5y ago
    Reminds me of various calculation tools used in, for example, grading school assignments (like circular EZ Graders). Or "feelie" anti-piracy devices from video games, back when they still came in boxes.
- BiteCode_dev 5y ago
  Did something similar in Africa 10 years ago. We created a whole human writable protocol, carboards to help, and you could control the systems using nokia 3310 charged on a car battery in the middle of the Dogon desert. Fun times. Also, thanks python for making it way easier than it should have been. GPRS modems are not simple beasts.
davb 5y ago
Ah, the Mix 'n' Mojo [0] lives on! [0] https://www.oldgames.sk/codewheel/monkey-island-2-mix-n-mojo https://www.oldgames.sk/codewheel/monkey-island-2-mix-n-mojo
maerF0x0 5y ago
Spoiler: Essentially the author is talking about a custom encoding. This is something I always try to impress to other engineers. Everything is just an encoding to binary. How we interpret it is entirely up to us. Even the fact that we choose to use 8 bits as a grouping. Often this leads to much more efficient implementations... Of course only do it where/when it matters.
- s_dev 5y ago
  Old school vending machines use 9 bit bytes. In case anyone was looking for a example.
  - perl4ever 5y ago
    The IBM 704 used 6 bit bytes (and 36 bit words). A number of people have toyed with ternary (commonly the digits are -1, 0, and +1). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Setun https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Setun https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1498715 https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1498715
    - rpmisms 5y ago
      Wouldn't that be trinary, not ternary? Not an edit, but I googled it, I was confusing it with tertiary. Trinary would also be accurate, I think.
    - hoseja 5y ago
      Balanced ternary is extremely cool and I wish it were viable to reinvent computing using it.
  - d21d3q 5y ago
    But still data is stored in 8 bits. 9th bit holds information whether "byte" contains slave address or frame data. so that when slave listens and if it receives byte with 9th bit set and the rest is it's own address, then it can start to interpret following bytes. Otherwise it can ignore following data. Maybe that comment is not so relevant to thread, but one may be curious how it works.
rntksi 5y ago
I'm amazed at the creativity and the simple-ness of this solution. Working in public health myself, we've often designed systems that became un-usable due to requirements in the field that cannot be met (people not having laptops/PCs or not knowing how to use them or Internet is missing, etc...) Brilliant write-up, I'd love to know more about how many years this work went on for.
- dogma1138 5y ago
  While it’s creative it’s not novel, these “computers” were very common not that long ago and are quite often still used in various applications such as engineering and architecture e.g. slide rulers.. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slide_rule https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slide_rule
jrochkind1 5y ago
this is awesome!
thrwaeasddsaf 5y ago
Perhaps one beautiful day in the future: Text and Pictures Without Javascript.
- deleted 5y ago
  [deleted]
mdoms 5y ago
As long as Americans are obsessed with the idea of SMS they will never get their ideas into the wider world. No one uses SMS. No one.
- mmcgaha 5y ago
  Back in 2003 I was chatting with a Dutch guy who was ragging on the US because we hardly used SMS. I guess we will eventually catch up to what the rest of the world is using now as they move on to something more spectacular.
- bondant 5y ago
  Plenty of people still use SMS. Easier than to find if the contact is on Signal/Messenger/Whats'app/Whatever and it works even without having a data plan.
- comradesmith 5y ago
  SMS is fantastic. In my country there are a few popular messaging apps, it seems like to be connected to everyone you need to be on all of them; but you don’t, everyone already has a phone number, and it just works. You can send hyperlinks if you want, so the medium isn’t really all that limiting.
- throwawaysea 5y ago
  SMS works really well in places that have poorer coverage / worse networks. That's partially because it doesn't rely on the 'data' coverage but fundamental telephony technologies that have been around much longer (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short_Message_Service_technical_realisation_(GSM) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short_Message_Service_technica...). So basically if you have a signal of any kind, SMS will probably work reliably. Then there's the fact that you don't need any extra app or identity to use it. If you have a phone with a plan, you have no barriers to using SMS. Both these aspects are not as true for the software over Internet messaging solutions, and I think that's why SMS is still widely used and will continue to be widely used.
- JohnL4 5y ago
  Huh. Strong statement. Maybe look into M-Pesa. «Customers who sign up for the M-Pesa service can convert between e-cash and real cash (these are called cash-in / cash-out transactions), and can transfer e-cash from their account to that of another account holder via SMS.» https://digital.hbs.edu/platform-rctom/submission/m-pesa-a-mobile-money-success-story-from-kenya/ https://digital.hbs.edu/platform-rctom/submission/m-pesa-a-m...
mgarciaisaia 5y ago
(Disclaimer: I work at Manas.Tech, partners of InSTEDD that developed the Reporting Wheel, although I haven't joined the company back when they did it) Hi there! If you've liked the Reporting Wheel, you can see a couple of screenshots (and link to the source code) of the tool built to generate the wheels in Manas' site[0]. We work on lots of projects in unconventional contexts like this one. Feel free to lurk around the site and read our handbook[1] - and you bet we're hiring[2]. [0] https://manas.tech/projects/reporting-wheel/ https://manas.tech/projects/reporting-wheel/ [1] https://handbook.manas.tech/ https://handbook.manas.tech/ [2] https://manas.tech/join/ https://manas.tech/join/
hyperpallium2 5y ago
hmmm books are IT, language is IT, mathamatics is IT, human memory and reasoning are IT (biological).
Animats 5y ago
This is similar to what the military calls a "pro forma". This is a simple form with numbered blanks. You transmit the form name or number, and the values, as "1 - 105, 2 - 220, 3 - 3741 ...". Military units in combat send a "strength return" to higher headquarters each day, to tell HQ how many soldiers active/injured/dead, how much ammo they have, and how much fuel they have left. It need to be sent in a simple, condensed format. Visualize a sergeant in a foxhole reading those off over a radio. Someone at a headquarters summarizes those for the commander. Here's a summary strength return prepared for George Washington in 1776.[1] The fundamental format didn't change a lot through at least Vietnam. [1] https://allthingsliberty.com/2021/05/the-predicament-we-are-in-how-paperwork-saved-the-continental-army/ https://allthingsliberty.com/2021/05/the-predicament-we-are-...
nditada 5y ago
Hi! author here, funny to read this 11 years after! I'd be happy to provide more details. You can mail me at my username @ domain of the post. And yes, the title was awful simonw!
- thatthatis 5y ago
  How does the encoding work? Did you write up the algorithm separately?
  - nditada 5y ago
    The encoding used a prime number as a factor of the number reported, i.e. the ordinal number of each option is multiplied by that prime factor. The prime was selected as the largest possible number based on the max digits to send and the number of options to encode. That created a sparse distribution of possibilities, so that typos were more probable to get detected. It also enabled that by simply factoring the report and using the factors to identify the type of wheel that was sending the reports, allowing one single phone number to receive reports from multiple wheel types or versions.
ChrisArchitect 5y ago
(2010)!!
ChrisArchitect 5y ago
original url https://instedd.org/uncategorized/it-without-software-2/ https://instedd.org/uncategorized/it-without-software-2/ OP is an archive site of articles from main site

188 points by hwayne 5y ago

It's interesting that humanity can't settle on a single language, but has managed to more or less standardize on the symbols for numbers.

nicetryguy 5y ago
Arabic notation / base ten seems to work really well with our brains. Having that many fingers probably helps. I couldn't imagine a modern world running on Roman Numerals.
- maliker 5y ago
  The real killer application of arabic numerals is arithmetic. Doing even multiplication and division in roman numerals is very time consuming [1]. [1] https://scienceblogs.com/goodmath/2006/08/16/roman-numerals-and-arithmetic https://scienceblogs.com/goodmath/2006/08/16/roman-numerals-...
- slver 5y ago
  Most of us are programmers here, you are just as used to hex. Also technically we don't have that many fingers. We have one more finger. We don't have a number digit for ten right? They go zero to nine. But out fingers go zero to ten. If our numeric base matched our fingers, we should've used base eleven. Not many people think this through :) I think the real breakthrough is having "order of magnitude" in numbers. So indeed the Roman Numerals suck and probably wouldn't last regardless.
  - the_monocle 5y ago
    0 to 9 are exactly 10 digits.
    - can_count 5y ago
      0 fingers to 10 fingers is exactly 11 numbers.
    - depaya 5y ago
      I think their point is that we use our 10 fingers to count to a value of 10. We can use our 10 fingers to represent 0 (no fingers) through 10 (all 10 fingers). This is essentially base 11 if you try to assign a specific digit to each finger. While I agree with that viewpoint I think it's missing the point. As humans with 10 fingers it's easy for us to group things into increments of 10, so base 10 comes naturally. Think about how you count a quantity over 10: once you run out of fingers you mark down (or remember) that you've already counted one quantity of 10, now you're counting the next quantity of 10, etc... It's more like a shifted base 10 where we represent digits 1-10 instead of 0-9.
      - slver 5y ago
        Everyone is thinking about a "shifted" base 10, yes. But every base starts with 0, there's no such thing as "shifted base" because then you literally can't represent 0. Also "zero fingers" is still a thing that exists in this shifted base 10. So it remains base 11. This is like the classic "0-based indexing" vs. "1-based indexing" dilemma. The "first" thing is represented by 1, we think. But the "first" year of our life, we're zero years old. The "first" hour after midnight is 0 o'clock. Building your "first" million as a business is the period before you have 1 million. And so on.
        dylanh 5y ago
        A base 10 with symbols only for 1 through 10, where zero is represented with an empty set is a Bijective Base 10 numeration. The columns in excel are bijective base 26. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bijective_numeration https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bijective_numeration
        deleted 5y ago
        [deleted]
  - nicetryguy 5y ago
    > you are just as used to hex. I do 6502 ASM with bit tricks and all and i can tell you straight up that hex is never as intuitive as decimal IMO. Base eleven sounds like the stuff of nightmares =)
    - tenebrisalietum 5y ago
      Where the hex is "intuitive" is showing what's "even" to the CPU. For example we think of 10, 100, 50 as nice round convenient quantities. CPUs see 16, 256, 2048 as convenient quantities--in hex that's visible: 0x10, 0x100, 0x800.
      - nicetryguy 5y ago
        Right. It lets you see the bits more easily: 0-F is a good representation of 4 bits. Say i were to name a random hex value like #$9C right now it would take me a few seconds to convert that to decimal in my head though... 156 took me a few seconds to sort out. I don't have to think about what 156 means in decimal because i just know what it is.
        vangelis 5y ago
        The radix I've used since birth is easier than the one I haven't. Wild stuff.
        nicetryguy 5y ago
        Yes i do simplify my posts and try to write them in ways that normal people can understand. Your snide comment is a sign of success =)
        sipos 5y ago
        Do you though? Why is 156 anymore familiar than 9C? I can't imagine 156 things any more than I can 9C things.
        5y ago
- laurent92 5y ago
  > Having 10 fingers probably helps. Yes, so we can count to 31 on one hand. Somehow, no civilization invented a base-32 notation.
  - bobsmooth 5y ago
    A few civilizations have used base 60 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexagesimal https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexagesimal
    - bee_rider 5y ago
      The idea of counting to 12 by pointing to knuckles is something I hadn't encountered before, and really neat. Kinda surprised base-12 didn't end up dominating. Having so many factors would have made division so much more convenient for mental math, and it is only 2 extra characters to remember.
  - bee_rider 5y ago
    I don't think the choice of base is really dependent on finger encoding efficiency. Going 0-5 on a hand has the advantage that we only really care about the "last" finger. Anyway, if we really want to go crazy, the knuckle and first joint on (my, at least) fingers can be controlled somewhat independently, so I think we can fit in 4 states per finger: | _ | | __ _ |
  - sipos 5y ago
    You might be able to. Personally I can't raise my ring finger without my little/pinkie finger also being raised. Also, some numbers in finger binary are liable to get you punched if shown the wrong way round.
  - flo123456 5y ago
    Try using that to explain arithmetic to a child. In a base-10 system the explanation is as simple as holding up both hands and then holding up the number of fingers for each hand you want them to add. The kid can count and intuitively learn how to add up two numbers. It’s really simple and really efficient.
- perl4ever 5y ago
  It occurred to me once that the big/little endian issues people have are really due to the conflict between Arabic numbers going in the opposite direction from English letters. If both ran right to left, or left to right, then there would be no difference.
emodendroket 5y ago
It isn't that strange. Learning a language natively is an innate human trait that isn't regulated. The symbols we choose to represent for arithmetic (or to write the language, for that matter) must be learned.

simonw 5y ago

This is a really interesting post, let down by a vague title. The author describes a system they created to help remote health centers in Thailand and Cambodia send disease cases in a structured way via SMS, while working around the difficulties of teaching people to send text messages in those languages (which have a lot of letters, often not made available on handsets). Their solution was a cardboard disc wheel which could generate numeric codes that could be more easily sent. The post is from 2010 - I'd love to read a follow-up on this project.

simonw 5y ago
I found mentions of this "magic wheel" on their blog at https://instedd.org/blog/prince-mahidol-of-songla-magic-wheels-and-the-ilab/ https://instedd.org/blog/prince-mahidol-of-songla-magic-whee... and on SlideShare at https://www.slideshare.net/channesuy/instedd-innovation-lab-presentation-in-pmac https://www.slideshare.net/channesuy/instedd-innovation-lab-... but both of those stories were also from 2010.
- handrous 5y ago
  Reminds me of various calculation tools used in, for example, grading school assignments (like circular EZ Graders). Or "feelie" anti-piracy devices from video games, back when they still came in boxes.
BiteCode_dev 5y ago
Did something similar in Africa 10 years ago. We created a whole human writable protocol, carboards to help, and you could control the systems using nokia 3310 charged on a car battery in the middle of the Dogon desert. Fun times. Also, thanks python for making it way easier than it should have been. GPRS modems are not simple beasts.

davb 5y ago

Ah, the Mix 'n' Mojo [0] lives on! [0] https://www.oldgames.sk/codewheel/monkey-island-2-mix-n-mojo https://www.oldgames.sk/codewheel/monkey-island-2-mix-n-mojo

maerF0x0 5y ago

Spoiler: Essentially the author is talking about a custom encoding. This is something I always try to impress to other engineers. Everything is just an encoding to binary. How we interpret it is entirely up to us. Even the fact that we choose to use 8 bits as a grouping. Often this leads to much more efficient implementations... Of course only do it where/when it matters.

s_dev 5y ago
Old school vending machines use 9 bit bytes. In case anyone was looking for a example.
- perl4ever 5y ago
  The IBM 704 used 6 bit bytes (and 36 bit words). A number of people have toyed with ternary (commonly the digits are -1, 0, and +1). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Setun https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Setun https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1498715 https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1498715
  - rpmisms 5y ago
    Wouldn't that be trinary, not ternary? Not an edit, but I googled it, I was confusing it with tertiary. Trinary would also be accurate, I think.
  - hoseja 5y ago
    Balanced ternary is extremely cool and I wish it were viable to reinvent computing using it.
- d21d3q 5y ago
  But still data is stored in 8 bits. 9th bit holds information whether "byte" contains slave address or frame data. so that when slave listens and if it receives byte with 9th bit set and the rest is it's own address, then it can start to interpret following bytes. Otherwise it can ignore following data. Maybe that comment is not so relevant to thread, but one may be curious how it works.

rntksi 5y ago

I'm amazed at the creativity and the simple-ness of this solution. Working in public health myself, we've often designed systems that became un-usable due to requirements in the field that cannot be met (people not having laptops/PCs or not knowing how to use them or Internet is missing, etc...) Brilliant write-up, I'd love to know more about how many years this work went on for.

dogma1138 5y ago
While it’s creative it’s not novel, these “computers” were very common not that long ago and are quite often still used in various applications such as engineering and architecture e.g. slide rulers.. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slide_rule https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slide_rule

jrochkind1 5y ago

this is awesome!

thrwaeasddsaf 5y ago

Perhaps one beautiful day in the future: Text and Pictures Without Javascript.

deleted 5y ago
[deleted]

mdoms 5y ago

As long as Americans are obsessed with the idea of SMS they will never get their ideas into the wider world. No one uses SMS. No one.

mmcgaha 5y ago
Back in 2003 I was chatting with a Dutch guy who was ragging on the US because we hardly used SMS. I guess we will eventually catch up to what the rest of the world is using now as they move on to something more spectacular.
bondant 5y ago
Plenty of people still use SMS. Easier than to find if the contact is on Signal/Messenger/Whats'app/Whatever and it works even without having a data plan.
comradesmith 5y ago
SMS is fantastic. In my country there are a few popular messaging apps, it seems like to be connected to everyone you need to be on all of them; but you don’t, everyone already has a phone number, and it just works. You can send hyperlinks if you want, so the medium isn’t really all that limiting.
throwawaysea 5y ago
SMS works really well in places that have poorer coverage / worse networks. That's partially because it doesn't rely on the 'data' coverage but fundamental telephony technologies that have been around much longer (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short_Message_Service_technical_realisation_(GSM) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short_Message_Service_technica...). So basically if you have a signal of any kind, SMS will probably work reliably. Then there's the fact that you don't need any extra app or identity to use it. If you have a phone with a plan, you have no barriers to using SMS. Both these aspects are not as true for the software over Internet messaging solutions, and I think that's why SMS is still widely used and will continue to be widely used.
JohnL4 5y ago
Huh. Strong statement. Maybe look into M-Pesa. «Customers who sign up for the M-Pesa service can convert between e-cash and real cash (these are called cash-in / cash-out transactions), and can transfer e-cash from their account to that of another account holder via SMS.» https://digital.hbs.edu/platform-rctom/submission/m-pesa-a-mobile-money-success-story-from-kenya/ https://digital.hbs.edu/platform-rctom/submission/m-pesa-a-m...

mgarciaisaia 5y ago

(Disclaimer: I work at Manas.Tech, partners of InSTEDD that developed the Reporting Wheel, although I haven't joined the company back when they did it) Hi there! If you've liked the Reporting Wheel, you can see a couple of screenshots (and link to the source code) of the tool built to generate the wheels in Manas' site[0]. We work on lots of projects in unconventional contexts like this one. Feel free to lurk around the site and read our handbook[1] - and you bet we're hiring[2]. [0] https://manas.tech/projects/reporting-wheel/ https://manas.tech/projects/reporting-wheel/ [1] https://handbook.manas.tech/ https://handbook.manas.tech/ [2] https://manas.tech/join/ https://manas.tech/join/

hyperpallium2 5y ago

hmmm books are IT, language is IT, mathamatics is IT, human memory and reasoning are IT (biological).

Animats 5y ago

This is similar to what the military calls a "pro forma". This is a simple form with numbered blanks. You transmit the form name or number, and the values, as "1 - 105, 2 - 220, 3 - 3741 ...". Military units in combat send a "strength return" to higher headquarters each day, to tell HQ how many soldiers active/injured/dead, how much ammo they have, and how much fuel they have left. It need to be sent in a simple, condensed format. Visualize a sergeant in a foxhole reading those off over a radio. Someone at a headquarters summarizes those for the commander. Here's a summary strength return prepared for George Washington in 1776.[1] The fundamental format didn't change a lot through at least Vietnam. [1] https://allthingsliberty.com/2021/05/the-predicament-we-are-in-how-paperwork-saved-the-continental-army/ https://allthingsliberty.com/2021/05/the-predicament-we-are-...

nditada 5y ago

Hi! author here, funny to read this 11 years after! I'd be happy to provide more details. You can mail me at my username @ domain of the post. And yes, the title was awful simonw!

thatthatis 5y ago
How does the encoding work? Did you write up the algorithm separately?
- nditada 5y ago
  The encoding used a prime number as a factor of the number reported, i.e. the ordinal number of each option is multiplied by that prime factor. The prime was selected as the largest possible number based on the max digits to send and the number of options to encode. That created a sparse distribution of possibilities, so that typos were more probable to get detected. It also enabled that by simply factoring the report and using the factors to identify the type of wheel that was sending the reports, allowing one single phone number to receive reports from multiple wheel types or versions.

ChrisArchitect 5y ago

(2010)!!

ChrisArchitect 5y ago

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