I know at least for USA federal employees, because of the below law: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/1905 https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18

I know at least for USA federal employees, because of the below law: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/1905 https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/1905 They usually do not sign NDAs (and can get in trouble if they do, especially if it interferes with their offical duties).