Very similar to how a virion (virus particle) and its "payload". Here a lipid nanoparticle coats the genetic material. The exact chemistry used is highly select

Very similar to how a virion (virus particle) and its "payload". Here a lipid nanoparticle coats the genetic material. The exact chemistry used is highly selective to liver cells (so most of the particles will end up fusing with a liver cell), then inside the cell some enzyme or similar but more complicated molecular machinery (these usually have names ending in -ase, like protease, nuclease) unwraps it. Then it has special markers which signal that it needs transport to the nucleus. See NLS [0]. There CRISPR does its magic. The guide is the genetic pattern matcher. The big limitation is the length of this guide. The longer it is the safer it can be. [0] https://www.researchgate.net/post/How-does-the-CRISPR-guideRNA-get-into-the-Nucleus https://www.researchgate.net/post/How-does-the-CRISPR-guideR...