I've seen Prescheme (a subset of Scheme used to bootstrap a full-fledged dialect of Scheme) that seems to allow only stack-based allocation and therefore forbid

I've seen Prescheme (a subset of Scheme used to bootstrap a full-fledged dialect of Scheme) that seems to allow only stack-based allocation and therefore forbids certain types of closures that cannot be reduced via hoisting at compile time.[0] Lisp with ref counting (assuming acyclic references) instead of GC could also be interesting to try to hack together. I have a feeling closures would be a particularly quick way to get reference cycles, so some concept of weak references may be necessary. [0] https://thintz.com/resources/prescheme-documentation https://thintz.com/resources/prescheme-documentation