Yes, it assumes you can get an estimate. Yes, this assumption can be problematic. Yes, there are limits. But, again, even the most problematic estimate is leagu

Yes, it assumes you can get an estimate. Yes, this assumption can be problematic. Yes, there are limits. But, again, even the most problematic estimate is leagues ahead of "diamond hands, diamond hands, GME to the moon". No, "yield" in terms of dividends is not necessary. Owning a share in a company that puts cash in a bank account is also worth money.