Because of money and or mix of politics and imagined power. In addition, the systems are vast and complex, too big for one person to capture and understand. Th

Because of money and or mix of politics and imagined power. In addition, the systems are vast and complex, too big for one person to capture and understand. This means you get into the area of design teams, business teams, politics and geo stuff by default. Even re-implementing the specification (or most of it) in FOSS is extremely hard, and that's with all the information being publicly available. Designing it is an order of magnitude harder. Besides the systems in isolation, we also have to deal with various governments, businesses, and legacy and migration paths in both cases. Ironically, because all of this and the huge amount of people involved, consumers _are_ involved in this. It's not like the GSM, 3GPP etc. don't use their own stuff.