> Agree with all your points, but there is a third way: apprenticeship with older engineers. That's unlikely to work: our industry has an ageism problem, combi

> Agree with all your points, but there is a third way: apprenticeship with older engineers. That's unlikely to work: our industry has an ageism problem, combined with the low prospects of promotions/raises which results in engineers having to frequently job-hop to get ahead. This results in most organizations having very limited institutional memory. Other compounding problems are a discussion for another day (title inflation: e.g. "Senior engineer" with 2 years total experience)