One source on recent energy density improvements: https://cleantechnica.com/2020/02/19/bloombergnef-lithium-ion-battery-cell-densities-have-almost-tripled-sinc

One source on recent energy density improvements: https://cleantechnica.com/2020/02/19/bloombergnef-lithium-ion-battery-cell-densities-have-almost-tripled-since-2010/ https://cleantechnica.com/2020/02/19/bloombergnef-lithium-io... A source on electric motor efficiency: https://insideevs.com/news/348504/tesla-improves-motor-efficiency-increase-range/ https://insideevs.com/news/348504/tesla-improves-motor-effic... A source on internal combustion engine efficiency: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engine_efficiency#Internal_combustion_engines https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engine_efficiency#Internal_com... As to the drivetrain losses through transmissions and differentials, I have only my own experience from working on cars, dynos (measuring the power to the wheels), and racing. It depends on drivetrain layout. front engine front wheel drive has fewer losses than front engine rear wheel drive, all wheel drive usually worst of all. You lose another 5-15% depending. Probably you will also find this video interesting, which goes into depth on the full lifecycle of different fuels and the overall efficiencies: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0d0MPg7DxbY https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0d0MPg7DxbY