Bingo. The reason that non-US governments (like the UK) want to get a share of the tax on profits is because they lack domestic innovative high-profit companies

Bingo. The reason that non-US governments (like the UK) want to get a share of the tax on profits is because they lack domestic innovative high-profit companies. They want to take a share of the added value created / subsidised by another government (US in this case). It's bad incentives all around.