[reply] also, duplication of a codon is usually associated with some sort of damage to the molecule, is implicated in the genetic basis of numerous cancer outco

[reply] also, duplication of a codon is usually associated with some sort of damage to the molecule, is implicated in the genetic basis of numerous cancer outcomes, and is usually accompanied by a 16 base pair insertion in the case of DNA, as an artefact of the repair. the CoV has a different enzyme that does similar repair task in addition to reading out the code thus incurring small span insertions, that are later proof read to clean up alignment mismatches. there are cases such as influenza, corresponding to a single point insertion, rather than codon duplication that correspond to a jump in lethality such as the Heamagglutinin of influenza virus, leading to the 1918 Flu gaining lethality after pandemic distribution in a "second wave" this insertion point is a cleavage site for the protien.