In this specific study > The diet chosen here exemplifies the Western UPD with unbalanced levels of micro- and macronutrients Generally speaking, "unprocessed

In this specific study > The diet chosen here exemplifies the Western UPD with unbalanced levels of micro- and macronutrients Generally speaking, "unprocessed" foods are raw whole foods. "Processing" means cooking, cutting, adding stuff, etc. (of course none of this is bad in any way). "Highly processed" and "ultra processed" mean there's high calorie density without protein, fiber, micro-nutrients, etc. AKA it's very easy to overeat and throw your nutrient balance off. Of course products like Soylent are technically highly "processed" but that's rarely what these articles mean.