I repeat: "the trusted authority is required to certify that the issuer is who they say they are and that they own the thing." If you don't agree, please expla

I repeat: "the trusted authority is required to certify that the issuer is who they say they are and that they own the thing." If you don't agree, please explain how a stranger's identity and ownership rights can be established using technologies like public-key cryptography without a trusted authority.