On MacOS there are great tools from objective-see. One of them, OverSight, notifies you when your mic or webcam is activated. Failing that some tape works quit

On MacOS there are great tools from objective-see. One of them, OverSight, notifies you when your mic or webcam is activated. Failing that some tape works quite nicely! QubesOS allows you to assign certain devices to Xen VMs , compartmentalising your hardware. No spying if there is audio/video device (a Xen hypervisor escape not withstanding) available to the guest OS. I do like devices with physical kill switches. Some USB sticks and devices by Purism.