It's not tautological. I don't think C#, C++, Java, etc. can have classes proxy for objects. Classes there aren't objects. You cannot write "return NewClass".

It's not tautological. I don't think C#, C++, Java, etc. can have classes proxy for objects. Classes there aren't objects. You cannot write "return NewClass". Python is prototypal in just the same way js is: inheritance is a daisy-chain of references between objects. JS is "maximally prototypal" if you like, where any object may be refernced. In python, only objects of type "type": but that isn't a big restriction, as shown.