I think all of your points are very valid. But I still have a few thoughts: >> Also, a student's ability to succeed in subject-specific exams is more dependent

I think all of your points are very valid. But I still have a few thoughts: >> Also, a student's ability to succeed in subject-specific exams is more dependent upon the HS's offerings. While some schools don't offer all of these subjects as courses. I don't know of a single school that offers "SAT/ACT" as a course. So while my school may not have all the AP classes, I could select from the classes that are offered and at least take those exams. Students can also take AP exams without taking the course (which is what they already do for the SAT). >> Lastly, most students take a plurality+ of their subject-specific exams in 12th grade You are right that many students don't take AP classes at all, or not until 12th grade. In that case, I think SAT II subject tests are preferable to SAT I, because at least students spend time studying a subject that is useful and transferable. Basically, I think a system of: Pick 1-3 SAT II or AP exams in subjects of the student's choosing to add value to their application would be better than using SAT 1 scores. That way: -Students show their college readiness by learning transferable knowledge. -It is standardized so it compares apples to apples. -Students can learn the material in school, and focus on the subjects that they prefer or are offered in their school. -If the subject is not offered in their school they can still self study (like they do with SAT 1) and take the exam anyway. -I think the exams should just be used to assess "college readiness" not what major they can enter. That way students aren't pigeonholed into a specific major. -I think these exams should be way to add value to a college application rather than a requirement to address the issues of accessibility. If someone went to a high school that offered 0 AP classes, and they don't take these exams I don't think they should be rejected from college. If they take 1 AP exam that they self-studied for, that shows a lot of initiative and could add value to their application.