It's a well known fact in traffic engineering. You can start from the links at the bottom of the page: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walkability#Socioeconomic

It's a well known fact in traffic engineering. You can start from the links at the bottom of the page: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walkability#Socioeconomic https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walkability#Socioeconomic As the sibling poster wrote, by comparing the only walkable area in the downtown of a car-centered city you are [involuntarily] cherry-picking the populace that cannot afford a car. You have to compare whole countries.