> All of them are forms of "`lhs.rhs` tries to look up a different type to apply the `rhs` to vs what type `lhs` actually has," Nope, it uses the same type (A)

> All of them are forms of "`lhs.rhs` tries to look up a different type to apply the `rhs` to vs what type `lhs` actually has," Nope, it uses the same type (A), just blindly adds a operator to the argument based on which method is called. You could just as easily have `a.foo()` -> `A::foo(++a)` instead; it's just[0] that adding `++` would be largely useless. 0: You'd also need a explict annotation on the declaration of foo, but that's a convenience issue.