There's no point in using such methods as the physics surrounding optics aren't a black box, they're well-known and understood. However lens design is very comp

There's no point in using such methods as the physics surrounding optics aren't a black box, they're well-known and understood. However lens design is very complicated, there are dozens of design parameters and trade-offs to be made, while also taking in account time, cost, materials etc. It's also not a problem that can be solved analytically for realistic use cases. Computer ray tracing has been used for decades. I'm not sure what the state of the art tools are however.