> I believe it was "for each launch, the chance of killing an innocent bystander must be less than 1 in 10,000". The earliest thing I can find that seems rele

> I believe it was "for each launch, the chance of killing an innocent bystander must be less than 1 in 10,000". The earliest thing I can find that seems relevant is the Convention on the international liability for damage caused by space objects [0] which was published by the US and USSR in 1972. This doesn't list risk in terms of probabilities of deaths but instead makes it clear that signatories are "absolutely liable to pay compensation for damage caused". It is in turn based on the Outer Space Treaty of 1967. Interestingly, gov.uk has detailed current guidance for entities applying for licenses to launch from the UK [1]. This states that "all licences issued must state a limit to the operator’s liability to indemnify UK Government for claims". [0] https://treaties.un.org/doc/Publication/UNTS/Volume%20961/volume-961-I-13810-English.pdf https://treaties.un.org/doc/Publication/UNTS/Volume%20961/vo... [1] https://www.gov.uk/guidance/apply-for-a-license-under-the-outer-space-act-1986#space-liability-and-insurance-requirements https://www.gov.uk/guidance/apply-for-a-license-under-the-ou...