A higher screen resolution increases sampling density / frequency, so it pushes out the Nyquist frequency a bit. But this can never eliminate aliasing. It will

A higher screen resolution increases sampling density / frequency, so it pushes out the Nyquist frequency a bit. But this can never eliminate aliasing. It will always be there once your signal's frequency spectrum reaches above the Nyquist frequency. The resulting aliasing will introduce spurious low frequency components like Moire patterns. So low pass filtering of the content will always be a requirement (and mipmapping is a low pass filter in this context).