Only one of those groups is having their time and effort squandered. To me, it comes down to whether someone is being harmed. Researchers use statistics and an

Only one of those groups is having their time and effort squandered. To me, it comes down to whether someone is being harmed. Researchers use statistics and anonymized demographic data on large populations all the time. You could argue that the population in question have become research subjects, but (1) they are not being harmed and (2) they are not being actively misled by the investigators. The moment this group started submitting patches in bad faith, they were actively misleading their subjects, and they are harming those subjects by using their time and effort without consent.