You're missing the other JVM-based languages, notably Scala. Scala has a "tunable" level of PL feature usage; you can write very Java-esque Scala at the beginn

You're missing the other JVM-based languages, notably Scala. Scala has a "tunable" level of PL feature usage; you can write very Java-esque Scala at the beginning and slowly incorporate more advanced features. The key thing about these features are that once you understand what they do, it allows you to write fewer lines of code overall. Fewer lines typically means fewer bugs, and it communicates intent with more clarity (at least to developers who are familiar with the patterns). This makes it easy to onboard new devs who may not know a lot of Scala and let them be productive from day 1 (writing Java-style Scala) while advancing their skills towards more fancy idioms. I have stayed away from JVM-land after taking a different tack in my career trajectory, but I worked at Twitter about a decade ago when they were transitioning to a JVM-based stack and were early adopters of Scala. It was really a joy to be able to simultaneously get my work done while uncovering all of the new cool language features!