I have on occasion been called a reasonable person, and good heavens! I could understand that in a functional language with lazy evaluation, but that doesn't f

I have on occasion been called a reasonable person, and good heavens! I could understand that in a functional language with lazy evaluation, but that doesn't fit at all with my mental model of how C++ works. It can't be a macro, because the VLOG parentheses would need to enclose the entire expression. It can't just be the normal operator<< , because then the expression would always be evaluated. I suppose expression_with_side_effects() could return an object that is implicitly convertible to string, and the actual side effects happen in that optional conversion, but that would require lots of cooperation from the user. I'm almost scared to ask. How is that even implemented?