For what it's worth, it's more ceremony, but you can work fine with partially constructed data types without null, it's just that the nature of their constructi

For what it's worth, it's more ceremony, but you can work fine with partially constructed data types without null, it's just that the nature of their construction either needs to encoded int the types directly, or they need to be initially constructed with defaults and you need to decide if you want them to explode/panic if they're not completed, or just return potentially unexpected defaults. I've seen all these approaches in Rust.