there is over-emphasis on neutralizing antibodies in almost every direction i read. neutralizing antibodies bind to epitopes that are required for pathogenic e

there is over-emphasis on neutralizing antibodies in almost every direction i read. neutralizing antibodies bind to epitopes that are required for pathogenic entry, this is not a required function for immune response to occur, it is however comforting to hear that a pathogen is rendered immediately ineffective but other ways exist. antibodies that are non neutralizing [opsonizing] have efficacy, they induce phagocytosis of antigen by macrophages, thus demolishing the pathogen and evoking the complement system.