> In my opinion, this means this setting is virtually unusable and should be avoided I've used the gRPC keepalives intentionally for long-lived one directional

> In my opinion, this means this setting is virtually unusable and should be avoided I've used the gRPC keepalives intentionally for long-lived one directional streaming. You definitely need to pay careful attention to load balancing in the middle, but it does work well if you configure it properly. If your stream messages are infrequent, you should also add the occasional Ping message in order for the server to identify and reap stale connections. I had small ~1 core, 512mb containers handling some ~50k connections without breaking a sweat this way. The main scaling point was the goroutine stack size for each.