What's the difference between the Bitcoin Concept if you leave out the computer algorithm solution to inflation and the unregulated exchanges that buy and sell

What's the difference between the Bitcoin Concept if you leave out the computer algorithm solution to inflation and the unregulated exchanges that buy and sell their own created stock in privately held company's like Twitter and Facebook that has boomed in the last year or so? This will help me understand some of the concepts with this whole e-fiat money. Thanks.