But you don't necessarily want tracking infrastructure being built by governments completely, that would be pretty inefficient. As far as I understand the China

But you don't necessarily want tracking infrastructure being built by governments completely, that would be pretty inefficient. As far as I understand the China case at least (I'm not an expert here though, and have never been to China), it's largely started with a commercial app (WeChat). Not to say that the necessary technology (big data, ML etc.) is to a great extent driven by commercial applications - and businesses should have economic incentives to develop them further.