We have a pretty giant clue. IQ predicts academic performance and no known intervention can improve IQ in a way that persists beyond teenage years. Black kids h

We have a pretty giant clue. IQ predicts academic performance and no known intervention can improve IQ in a way that persists beyond teenage years. Black kids have significantly lower IQ before starting school than white kids so by that point, they're collectively already doomed. Whatever causes that isn't the school or education responsibility. Some researchers attribute it mostly to the behavior of the mother but there are many candidate reasons. Of course the problems compound with underperforming friends, corrupt schools, etc. So improving those may help but won't completely fix it.