In France we have an "Autorité de sûreté nucléaire"[1] which is an independent administration (having its own budget, own lawyers, not connected to governments,

In France we have an "Autorité de sûreté nucléaire"[1] which is an independent administration (having its own budget, own lawyers, not connected to governments, etc). France have 25 of such administrations[2]. I can't say it's perfect, but anyone (individuals, parliamentarians, justice) can seize one of them to require its action or explain why it does not act. It's defenitly a "contre-pouvoir". [1] https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autorit%C3%A9_de_s%C3%BBret%C3%A9_nucl%C3%A9aire https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autorit%C3%A9_de_s%C3%BBret%C3... [2] https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autorit%C3%A9_administrative_ind%C3%A9pendante_en_France https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autorit%C3%A9_administrative_i...