5 ms·

Please name this first commercial succesful DBMS you are thinking about then. For me, only Oracle comes to mind.

ghaff 6y ago
IBM IMS goes back to 1968 (originally developed for NASA). Cincom's TOTAL was sometime around the early 1970s. I'm sure there were databases on DEC's PDP systems. And so forth. dBase II was an important early database product for CP/M and then DOS systems but there were many earlier databases on mainframes and minicomputers.
- the-dude 6y ago
  Thanks for the follow-up. > there were many earlier databases on mainframes and minicomputers We were talking about commercially successful DBMS. From the Wikipedia-page it is still not clear to me when IMS became a DBMS for example. Wikipedia lists TOTAL as released in 1982.
  - ghaff 6y ago
    IMS was always a database. But it was hierarchical rather than relational. I was thinking TOTAL was earlier than it was though given the company had been in business for quite a while. What is true is that pretty much all the earlier database products were tied to specific system hardware. In fact, Cincom (which developed TOTAL over time) was arguably the first independent software vendor. So there were lots of databases being put out by successful computer companies (indeed most of them). They just weren't products you would buy or use unless you were also using a particular manufacturer's hardware.
  - SulphurCrested 6y ago
    TOTAL was around and already considered old-fashioned (because it was hierarchical rather than relational) in early 1981, when I persuaded my boss not to use it.
leeter 6y ago
Not relational but IBMs Information Management System (IMS) comes to mind. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_Information_Management_System https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_Information_Management_Sys... dBase appears to be the first DBMS for minicomputers however.
- ghaff 6y ago
  microcomputers. But, yes, that was probably the case. At least the first one of any significance that I can recall.
specialist 6y ago
MicroRIM's R:Base had modest success, pre client/server. It was always a true RDBMS. I had used R:Base for "real work" and dBase (and kin) for flatfile type stuff. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R:Base https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R:Base I've always wondered how Oracle swept the industry, and R:Base did not. Probably multiple factors. Like Oracle's initial customers had big iron and those enterprise contracts are big money. Whereas R:Base was part of the personal computer revolution and so probably wasn't even considered. In my mind, MS Access was the market fit successor. IIRC, Access was the first "workgroup" (network file sharing vs true client/server) RDBMS to make the jump to GUI. A bit like Excel displaced Lotus 1-2-3. Too bad. Much as I came to love Access, I also loved R:Base.
kstrauser 6y ago
For certain values of "database", MUMPS came out in 1966: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MUMPS https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MUMPS
throwawayboise 6y ago
Ingress (not sure if that meets the "commercial" or "successful" criteria, but enough that I remember it). The ancestor of Sybase and SQL Server.
nigwil_ 6y ago
In computing history claims like "first" and "commercial success" need to be qualified and defined, and therein things become difficult since timing and thresholds matter to meet a generally acceptable standard of either claim. In the 1960s, several companies were selling commercial database management systems (as a distinct product), for example: IBM IMS, Univac DMS and General Electric IDS. These ideas were established to a level that there was a database standard committee known as CODASYL active from 1959 onward. There is a good overview of the 1960s here: https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-0-387-34741-7_4.pdf https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-0-387-3474...
cafard 6y ago
A friend of mine did a lot of work with Model 204 about 1990. According to Wikipedia, it was first deployed in 1972.

IBM IMS goes back to 1968 (originally developed for NASA). Cincom's TOTAL was sometime around the early 1970s. I'm sure there were databases on DEC's PDP systems. And so forth. dBase II was an important early database product for CP/M and then DOS systems but there were many earlier databases on mainframes and minicomputers.

the-dude 6y ago
Thanks for the follow-up. > there were many earlier databases on mainframes and minicomputers We were talking about commercially successful DBMS. From the Wikipedia-page it is still not clear to me when IMS became a DBMS for example. Wikipedia lists TOTAL as released in 1982.
- ghaff 6y ago
  IMS was always a database. But it was hierarchical rather than relational. I was thinking TOTAL was earlier than it was though given the company had been in business for quite a while. What is true is that pretty much all the earlier database products were tied to specific system hardware. In fact, Cincom (which developed TOTAL over time) was arguably the first independent software vendor. So there were lots of databases being put out by successful computer companies (indeed most of them). They just weren't products you would buy or use unless you were also using a particular manufacturer's hardware.
- SulphurCrested 6y ago
  TOTAL was around and already considered old-fashioned (because it was hierarchical rather than relational) in early 1981, when I persuaded my boss not to use it.

leeter 6y ago

Not relational but IBMs Information Management System (IMS) comes to mind. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_Information_Management_System https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_Information_Management_Sys... dBase appears to be the first DBMS for minicomputers however.

ghaff 6y ago
microcomputers. But, yes, that was probably the case. At least the first one of any significance that I can recall.

specialist 6y ago

MicroRIM's R:Base had modest success, pre client/server. It was always a true RDBMS. I had used R:Base for "real work" and dBase (and kin) for flatfile type stuff. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R:Base https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R:Base I've always wondered how Oracle swept the industry, and R:Base did not. Probably multiple factors. Like Oracle's initial customers had big iron and those enterprise contracts are big money. Whereas R:Base was part of the personal computer revolution and so probably wasn't even considered. In my mind, MS Access was the market fit successor. IIRC, Access was the first "workgroup" (network file sharing vs true client/server) RDBMS to make the jump to GUI. A bit like Excel displaced Lotus 1-2-3. Too bad. Much as I came to love Access, I also loved R:Base.

kstrauser 6y ago

For certain values of "database", MUMPS came out in 1966: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MUMPS https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MUMPS

throwawayboise 6y ago

Ingress (not sure if that meets the "commercial" or "successful" criteria, but enough that I remember it). The ancestor of Sybase and SQL Server.

nigwil_ 6y ago

In computing history claims like "first" and "commercial success" need to be qualified and defined, and therein things become difficult since timing and thresholds matter to meet a generally acceptable standard of either claim. In the 1960s, several companies were selling commercial database management systems (as a distinct product), for example: IBM IMS, Univac DMS and General Electric IDS. These ideas were established to a level that there was a database standard committee known as CODASYL active from 1959 onward. There is a good overview of the 1960s here: https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-0-387-34741-7_4.pdf https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-0-387-3474...

cafard 6y ago

A friend of mine did a lot of work with Model 204 about 1990. According to Wikipedia, it was first deployed in 1972.