Distributed networks and the like. The first draft of an actual underground which can't just be shutdown by attacking a server is https://getaether.net/ https:

Distributed networks and the like. The first draft of an actual underground which can't just be shutdown by attacking a server is https://getaether.net/ https://getaether.net/ having build up on the lessons of freenet and bittorrent. It isn't the be all and end all, but it's a huge step forward.