I am a bit confused. You said it is systemic racism but can't provide a system (or systems) that are racist. I looked up the definition of systemic to ensure I

I am a bit confused. You said it is systemic racism but can't provide a system (or systems) that are racist. I looked up the definition of systemic to ensure I wasn't missing something and it is "relating to a system, especially as opposed to a particular part." This clearly sounds to me that there needs to be a system involved. Perhaps systemic is not the correct word? In relation to taxes: I don't think you read tne article. It says the standards are determined at the school level. That means how well students do at a school in a wealthier area is irrelevant to how they do in a school in a poorer area. As for redlining, it is illegal. Even if you want to say there are historical issues that are still around today because of redlining, it wouldn't matter since the standards are school based not district widd based. If it was district wide or statewide I would generally agree with you that there could be issues related to that. I do think that funds should be distributed based on number of students (and perhaps a bit of a difference due to cost of living for teachers) rather than based on property tax rates in that area. I don't know how Massachusetts (or Boston specifically) handles this so it could already be done how I described.