> Is it readable? Is it writable? VirtualQuery but the granularity is coarse, pages are 4kb. > Where does the memory allocation start and end? HeapSize if th

> Is it readable? Is it writable? VirtualQuery but the granularity is coarse, pages are 4kb. > Where does the memory allocation start and end? HeapSize if that's on heap, and you know the heap. > Is the memory in the heap or stack, or a memory mapped file? QueryVirtualMemoryInformation > APIs that have built in tests (in debug mode) where all pointers are checked, and if anything is broken the API can fail gracefully and give out precise errors. Visual C++ in debug builds does lots of runtime checks on all levels, C runtime, C++ runtime, and even compiler. For instance, they fill uninitialized and freed memory with magic numbers.