> What's the average effective tax rate for high-net-worth+ individuals if unrealized capital gains are included as income? That's a completely pointless quest

> What's the average effective tax rate for high-net-worth+ individuals if unrealized capital gains are included as income? That's a completely pointless question. If I own 50% of GameStop, my net worth will have gone from $650 million to $12.2 billion to $1.8 billion in like 45 days. Sure, this is an extreme example, but it happens over longer stretches of time to a ton of the richest people. How exactly do you expect to tax that movement of those unrealized gains? > You can get variable and fixed rate loans against your investment accounts. That you eventually have to pay off. The money you pay it off with will be taxed.